一、分词作表语

表语最好识别,它跟在系动词后边,像:is am are等成为系动词,feel seem 等为半系动词也是表语的标志词

举例:We are very excited at the sound of the news.

He fell embarrassed for being late.

The news is very exciting.

Being late for school is embarrasing.



二、分词作定语

定语有两种位置:单个词前置做状语,短语后置做状语

注意:现在分词表主动进行,过去分词表被动完成。

举例:Polluted air and water are harmful to people's health.

We were given pointed question papers.

The frightended people ran in all directions.

The tired tourist had a rest on the top of the hill.

The firefighters tried to save the trapped child.

特别注意:区分延续动词和瞬时动词

We are busy preparing for the approaching examinations

We are looking forward to the coming Nation Day holiday.

瞬时动词的现在分词不表进行表将来。

The United States of America is a developed country.

China is a developing country.



三、分词做补语

现在分词为主动关系,过去分词为被动关系。

举例:He found his mind playing with other children on the playground.

I had my electric bike repaired yesterday.

He left the top running.

He always keeps the drawer locked.

分词短语做补语

举例:She came home from work only to find her house broken into.

We found the boss satisfied with our work.

I saw the bus filled with passagers.

I noticed her chatting on the phone.



四、分词作状语

分词作状语在主句前表:时间,原因,条件,让步。

举例:Hearing the good news she came to life.------时间

Having a fever,Tom didn't go to school yesterday.------原因

Given more time,I would do the worth better.------条件

Asked to stop smoking many times,John still keep smoking.-------让步

Though John has been asked to stop smoking many times,he still keeps smoking.------让步

If I am given more time,I would do the work better.------让步

As Tom had a fever,he didn't go to school yesterday.------让步

When she hearing the good news,she came to lfe.------让步

分词作状语在主句后:补充解释说明,描述,伴随,方式

He stayed up deep into night last night,prepareing for its coming ind-term exams.

He came into the room,following a child.

其逻辑主语也是主句的主语

He came into the room,followed by a child.