"Allow sb to do sth" 是一个英语动词短语,其基本含义是“允许某人做某事”。在这个结构中,“allow”是动词,意为“允许”,“sb”代表“somebody”,即“某人”,“to do sth”表示“去做某件事”。这个短语强调的是给予某人执行特定行为的许可或权利。

### 用法

1. **基本用法**:通常用于表达同意或接受某人的行动。

   - Example: The teacher allows students to use dictionaries during the exam. (老师允许学生在考试中使用字典。)

2. **否定形式**:表示不允许或禁止某人做某事。

   - Example: Parents don't allow their children to stay up late on school nights. (父母不允许孩子在上学日熬夜。)

3. **疑问形式**:询问是否允许某人做某事。

   - Example: Would you allow me to borrow your car? (你能让我借用你的车吗?)

4. **被动语态**:强调被允许的对象。

   - Example: The policy doesn't allow employees to work from home. (政策不允许员工在家工作。)

### 例句

1. She allows him to make his own decisions. (她让他自己做决定。)

2. The company allows flexible working hours for its staff. (公司为员工提供弹性工作时间。)

3. The law doesn't allow smoking in public places. (法律不允许在公共场所吸烟。)

4. The teacher allowed me to retake the test after I explained my situation. (老师在我解释情况后允许我重考。)

### 同义词辨析

1. **Permit**: 与 "allow" 意思相近,但语气上可能更正式或官方。

   - Example: The permit allows us to enter the restricted area. (许可证允许我们进入限制区域。)

2. **Authorize**: 强调给予正式的权力或批准。

   - Example: The manager authorized me to sign the contract on behalf of the company. (经理授权我代表公司签署合同。)

3. **Give permission**: 更直接地表达同意或允许某人做某事。

   - Example: Could you give me permission to leave early today? (你可以让我今天早点离开吗?)

4. **Consent**: 常用于同意或默许某人的行为,尤其在医疗或法律场合。

   - Example: The patient's family consented to the operation. (患者家属同意手术。)