分词作状语:现在分词和过去分词做状语表伴随,时间和原因

1.现在分词(短语)作状语可以表示

1)行为方式或伴随发生的情况:

She came up shouldering a spade.

她扛着铁锹走了过来。

They had to work standing up.

他们得站着干活。

2)时间:

Learning of the uprising,he returned to his country.

听到起义的消息他回到国内。

Taking a deep breath,he dived into the water.

他深深吸了一口气跳进水里。

3)原因:

Not knowing your address,I couldn’t get in touch with you

由于不知道你的地址,我无法和你联系。

Having lost her job,she had to look for another one.

由于失了业,她不得不另找工作。

2.过去分词(短语)也可用作状语,表示:

1)动作发生时的背景或情况:

Inspired by his example,hundreds of others volunteered to join us.

在他的带动下,成百上千的人都志愿参加了我们的工作。

Encouraged by Mr. Fu,I checked on the machine’s operation record.

在傅老师的鼓励下,我查看了一下机器的操作记录。

2)原因:

Delighted,the girls thought up many good ideas.

一高兴姑娘们想出许多的好主意。

Moved by what he had said,I was at loss what to say.

听了他的话我很感动,不知说什么好。

3)时间等:

Driven beyond endurance,Tom ran away from the plantation.

汤姆忍无可忍逃离了种植园。

Taken out of context,the sentence is ambiguous.

脱离了上下文这个句子的意思变得模糊不清了。

两种分词语法功用精讲