“疑问词 + ever”是高考英语的一个考查点，中学英语教材中经常出现，在这里我们对该语法点进行归纳和讲解。 

“疑问词 + ever ”可分为两类，“疑问代词 + ever ”： whatever / whichever / whoever (宾格 whomever )和“疑问副词 + ever ”： wherever / whenever / however.

不论是“疑问代词 + ever ”还是“疑问副词 + ever ”，其意义都是“不管 / 无论 + 该疑问词的本义”。

1. “疑问代词 + ever”可引导两种类型的从句，即让步状语从句和名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句)。

(1)引导让步状语从句。此时 whatever / whoever / whichever 分别等于“ no matter + what / who / which”。例如：

Whoever says so, it's not true.= No matter who says so， it is not true.

Whatever happened， he wouldn't say a word. = No matter what happened， he wouldn't say a word.

Whichever book you (may) take， you will have to pay at least 25 dollars. = No matter which book you (may) take， you will have to pay at least 25 dollars.

注意：这类从句中应用一般现在时表将来，从句中也常用情态动词 may / might .

(2)引导名词性从句。例如：

Whoever smokes here will be punished. (主语从句)

These birds will eat whatever they are given. (宾语从句)

Whichever she likes will be given to her. (主语从句)

She may invite whoever / whomever she likes. (常用 whoever 代替 whomever)

此时它们都不能换成“ no matter + 疑问词”的形式，但 whoever 等于 anyone who， whatever 等于 anything that.

2. “疑问副词 +ever ”： wherever / whenever / however 一般只能引导一种类型的从句，即让步状语从句，此时它们分别等于“ no matter + where / when / how ”。例如：

Wherever he goes,he takes his portable typewriter . =No matter where he goes,he takes his portable typewriter

Whenever I wisited him， he was always busy working. = No matter when I visited him， he was always busy working.

However late he is， his mother will wait for him to have dinner together. = No matter how late he is， his mother will wait for him to have dinner together.

注意：当 however 用作连接副词时也可引导名词性从句，而 whenever/ wherever 则不能引导名词性从句。例如：

I'll give you however much money you need. (宾语从句，此时 however 不能改成 no matter how )。

3. 另外， whatever / whichever / whoever 与 whenever / wherever / however 分别可相当于 what / which / who 与 when / where / how 的强调式，引起的特殊疑问句往往是简单句，与原疑问词的意思、用法完全相同，只是表达的语气更为强烈，翻译时可加上“到底；究竟”等。例如：

Which(ever) do you want to buy ？ 你(究竟)要买哪一个？

What(ever) are you doing ？ 你(到底)在干什么？

Who(ever) told you such a foolish story？ (究竟)是谁讲给你这么蠢的事？

Where(ever) did you leave your handbag？ 你(究竟)把手提包放哪儿了？

When(ever) can I enjoy a long vacation？ (究竟)什么时候才能放个长假呢？

How(ever) did you collect so much money？ 你(到底)是怎样筹到这么多钱的？