北京市西城区2021届高三英语上学期期末检测试题（word版附解析）（文件编号：21021928）

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北京市西城区2020—2021学年度第一学期期末试卷

高三英语

本试卷共14页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Past the breakers, about 50 feet from shore, two brothers were fighting for their lives. They had been swept out to sea in a strong current, their mouths barely able to stay above the ___1___. Thick fog made it difficult for beachgoers to see the guys, but the screams were unmistakable. And every second counted.

___2___, four surfers in wet suits were nearby. Narayan Weibel, Spenser Stratton, Adrian York and Taj Ortiz-Beck, all 16, were on their surfboards riding up and down the coast on five-foot waves when they heard the ___3___. They turned and saw two bobbing (摆动) heads and four flailing (扑打) arms. “We looked at each other and knew these guys were about to drown (淹死),” Weibel told the reporter.

Weibel, Stratton, and Ortiz-Beck paddled (用桨划) toward the swimmers while York headed to shore to find someone to call 911. He then dived back in to ___4___ his friends.

As the surfers drew close, the brothers were ___5___. Ortiz-Beck pulled up alongside the one brother. Grabbing him under his arms, he pulled him up onto his board. Stratton and Weibel, meanwhile, were trying to help the other. He was large, 250 to 300 pounds, and he was panicked. “Calm down—we ___6___ you!” Weibel shouted.

York arrived ___7___ to help get the guy on top of the second board. They then paddled several minutes through a wild current to the medical help waiting onshore. The brothers were scared but ___8___.

“When we get a call like this one, it’s usually too ___9___ by the time we get there,” says Dillon Cleavenger, the lifeguard, “I can’t say enough about what these boys did. They were willing and prepared to ____10____ their lives.”

1. A. board B. water C. ship D. shore

2. A. Luckily B. Surprisingly C. Surely D. Gradually

3. A. news B. stories C. words D. cries

4. A. invite B. guide C. help D. greet

5. A. striking B. struggling C. strengthening D. stretching

6. A. met B. got C. knew D. followed

7. A. in fear B. in turn C. in time D. in advance

8. A. proud B. strong C. satisfied D. fine

9. A. late B. busy C. far D. difficult

10. A. save B. change C. risk D. share

【答案】1. B    2. A    3. D    4. C    5. B    6. B    7. C    8. D    9. A    10. C

【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述四位冲浪少年冒险勇救落水两兄弟的故事。

【1题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们被一股强劲的洋流卷到了海里，他们的嘴几乎无法露出水面。A. board板；B. water水；C. ship船；D. shore海岸。根据前文“They had been swept out to sea in a strong current”可知，因为被一股强劲的洋流卷到了海里，所以此处表示他们无法露出水面。故选B。

【2题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运地是，附近有四个穿着潜水衣的冲浪者。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；C. Surely肯定地；D. Gradually逐渐地。根据后文“They turned and saw two bobbing (摆动) heads and four flailing (扑打) arms.”可知，因为这四个冲浪者看到了这对兄弟，所以此处需用副词luckily，表示幸运地。故选A。

【3题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：16岁 Narayan Weibel，Spencer Stratton， Adrian York和Taj ortizi - beck听到哭喊声时，正踩着冲浪板在5英尺高的海浪上沿着海岸上下行驶。A. news新闻；B. stories故事；C. words单词；D. cries哭喊声。根据前文“but the screams were unmistakable.”可知，此处指听到了这对兄弟的哭喊声。故选D。

【4题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他又跳回去帮助他的朋友们。A. invite邀请；B. guide指导；C. help帮助；D. greet迎接。根据前文“York headed to shore to find someone to call 911.”可知，York先找人拨打911，然后又回去帮助朋友们救那对兄弟。故选C。

【5题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：当冲浪者靠近时，兄弟俩正在挣扎。A. striking 攻击，击打；B. struggling挣扎；C. strengthening加强，巩固；D. stretching伸展，延伸。根据前文“They turned and saw two bobbing (摆动) heads and four flailing (扑打) arms. ”可知，这对兄弟正在挣扎。故选B。

【6题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：冷静点——我们“抓住”你了!A. met遇到；B. got抓住；C. knew知道；D. followed跟随。根据前文“He was large, 250 to 300 pounds, and he was panicked.”可知，Stratton 和Weibel告诉另一个兄弟冷静，由此可知，此处指“抓住”他了。故选B。

【7题详解】

考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：约克及时赶到，帮他爬上了第二块冲浪板。A. in fear害怕；B. in turn轮流，依次；C. in time及时；D. in advance提前。根据后文“to help get the guy on top of the second board. ”可知，此处表示及时赶到，帮助另一个兄弟爬上了冲浪板。故选C。

【8题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：兄弟俩很害怕，但身体无恙。A. proud骄傲的；B. strong强壮的；C. satisfied满足的；D. fine身体好的。 根据转折连词but可知，这对兄弟受到了惊吓，但身体无恙。故选D。

【9题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们接到这样的电话时，通常我们赶到的时候已经太晚了。A. late晚的，迟的；B. busy忙碌的；C. far远的；D. difficult困难的。根据副词usually和后文“I can’t say enough about what these boys did.”可知，救援队员到时，一般都太晚了。故选A。

【10题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们愿意并且准备冒生命危险。A. save救；B. change改变；C. risk冒险；D. share分享。根据前文描述这个四个16岁的冲浪者救了兄弟俩的名，所以此处指他们是要冒生命危险的。故选C。

第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

A

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

It was my first night out in that city, and when I saw the last bus home disappearing round the corner, I knew I had a problem. It was cold and I couldn’t afford a taxi, ____11____ I didn’t want to bother my host family by asking them to pick me up. So I set off on foot, ____12____ (tell) myself it would only take me an hour or so. Four hours later, I was still walking. I was soaked (湿透的) through and my hands were frozen. When I eventually reached the house, the family said how ____13____ (worry) they’d been, and asked why I hadn’t phoned. By then I wished I had.

【答案】11. but    

12. telling    

13. worried

【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者一个外出晚上，没有坐上回家的公交车，没钱打车，最后步行回家的故事。

【11题详解】

考查连词。句意：天气很冷，我又打不起出租车，但我不想让寄宿家庭来接我，免得打扰他们。根据空前句意“天气很冷，我又打不起出租车”和空后句意“我不想让寄宿家庭来接我，免得打扰他们。”可知，此处前后表示转折关系需用连词but。故填but。

【12题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：所以我就步行出发了，告诉自己只需要一个小时左右。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词set off，且空处没有连词，所以空处需要非谓语动词作状语，动词tell与逻辑主语I之间主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词telling作状语。故填telling。

【13题详解】

考查形容词。句意：当我终于到家时，那家人说他们非常担心，并问我为什么没有打电话。分析句子结构可知，疑问词副词how后需接形容词或副词引导宾语从句，此处作表语，需用形容词，由they可知，此处需用形容词worried“着急的”作表语。故填worried。

B

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

The United Nations Children’s Fund, also known as UNICEF, is a United Nations organization based in New York. It offers help needed by children all over the world.

UNICEF ____14____ (found) on 11 December, 1946 to provide food and healthcare to children in countries damaged in World War II. Since 1953, UNICEF ____15____ (take) up an extended mission to help children in the developing world, including those living with disease or disabilities, and those affected by rapid modernization and environmental ____16____ (problem). Now, UNICEF has been working ____17____ (improve) the lives of children and their families across 190 countries and territories.

【答案】14. was founded    

15. has taken    

16. problems    

17. to improve

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了联合国儿童基金会自成立以来的发展变化以及对帮助世界上有需要的儿童做出的贡献。

【14题详解】

考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：联合国儿童基金会成立于1946年12月11日，目的是向二战中受损国家的儿童提供食品和保健。分析句子可知，主语UNICEF为组织机构，做单数讲，且在过去被创建，因此谓语动词用一般过去时的被动语态，注意主谓一致。故填was founded。

【15题详解】

考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自1953年以来，儿童基金会承担了一项长期任务，那就是帮助发展中世界的儿童，包括那些患有疾病或残疾的儿童，以及那些受快速现代化和环境问题影响的儿童。分析句子可知，主语UNICEF为组织机构，做单数讲，且承担任务是从过去一直持续到现在，还可根据时间状语Since 1953，可断定谓语动词用现在完成时，注意主谓一致。故填has taken。

【16题详解】

考查名词的数。句意：自1953年以来，儿童基金会承担了一项长期任务，那就是帮助发展中世界的儿童，包括那些患有疾病或残疾的儿童，以及那些受快速现代化和环境问题影响的儿童。分析句子可知，环境问题有很多，用复数形式。故填problems。

【17题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，联合国儿童基金会一直致力于改善190个国家和地区的儿童及其家庭的生活。分析句子可知，句子谓语动词为has been working，因 此 improve 做 非 谓