**1. 词汇释义**

"By virtue of" 是一个英语短语,源自拉丁文 "per virtutem",意为“凭借、由于、借助于、根据...的特性或力量”。在现代英语中,这个短语通常用来表示一个行为或结果是由于某个特定的原因、属性或条件产生的。

**2. 用法示例**

- **简单用法**

  - By virtue of his hard work, John was promoted to the position of manager.

  - 借助于他的辛勤工作,约翰被提升为了经理。

- **复杂用法**

  - By virtue of their shared interests, the two strangers quickly became friends.

  - 由于共同的兴趣,这两个陌生人很快成为了朋友。

  - The treaty is binding on all member states by virtue of their membership.

  - 根据成员身份,该条约对所有成员国都有约束力。

**3. 同义词辨析**

- **Due to**: 表示原因,与 "by virtue of" 相似,但更强调因果关系,而不涉及任何内在的力量或特性。

  - The project was delayed due to unforeseen circumstances.

  - 项目由于未预见的情况而延期。

- **On account of**: 也表示原因,但通常用于正式或书面语境,强调事件之间的直接联系。

  - The flight was canceled on account of bad weather.

  - 由于恶劣天气,航班取消了。

- **In virtue of**: 这个短语与 "by virtue of" 几乎可以互换,但 "in virtue of" 更加正式,常用于法律、哲学或学术文本中。

  - In virtue of her excellent performance, she received a scholarship.

  - 由于她出色的表现,她获得了奖学金。

- **Through the agency of**: 强调通过某种媒介或工具达到某个结果。

  - The message was conveyed through the agency of a courier.

  - 消息是通过信使传递的。

- **By means of**: 这个短语强调使用某种方法、手段或工具来完成某事。

  - She solved the problem by means of a clever algorithm.

  - 她通过一个巧妙的算法解决了问题。