"Not as/so ... as ..." 是一个比较级的表达方式,用于比较两个事物或情况在某个特质或程度上的差异。这个短语表示“不如...”,“不及...”或者“没有...那么...”。在句子中,"as" 或 "so" 后面通常跟形容词或副词的原形,然后是"as" 再加上被比较的对象。

### 结构与用法

1. **基本结构**:主语 + 动词 + not as/so + 形容词/副词原形 + as + 对象

   例如:She is not as tall as her sister.(她没有她姐姐高。)

2. **否定句形式**:在否定句中,"not" 可以与 "as/so ... as" 结合使用,强调两者之间的差距。

   例如:I don't run as fast as my brother.(我没有我哥哥跑得快。)

3. **肯定句形式**:在肯定句中,"as/so ... as" 也可以用来表示接近的程度。

   例如:This book is as interesting as that one.(这本书和那本书一样有趣。)

4. **比较对象**:"as/so ... as" 中的比较对象可以是名词、代词或从句。

   例如:He works as hard as any other student in the class.(他和其他班上任何一个学生一样努力。)

5. **部分否定**:如果只想否定一部分比较,可以在 "as/so" 前加 "not only" 或 "no more"。

   例如:She is not only as smart but also as kind as her mother.(她不仅和她妈妈一样聪明,而且一样善良。)

### 例句

- The new model car is not as fuel-efficient as the old one.(这辆新车没有那辆旧车省油。)

- She sings so beautifully as a professional singer.(她的歌唱得和专业歌手一样好。)

- His cooking skills are not as developed as his wife's.(他的烹饪技巧没有他妻子那么熟练。)

- This restaurant is as crowded as it was last weekend.(这家餐厅和上周末一样拥挤。)

- I'm no more patient than you are, actually.(实际上,我和你一样没耐心。)

### 同义词辨析

1. **Less than**:这个短语也表示比较,但通常强调程度的差距更大,而不仅仅是不完全相同。

   例如:He is less experienced than his colleague.(他比他的同事经验少。)

2. **Not nearly/anywhere near**:这两个短语常用于强调差距很大。

   例如:This painting is not nearly as good as Van Gogh's.(这幅画远远不及梵高的作品。)

3. **Far from**:当表示某事远非另一事时,可以使用 "far from"。

   例如:He is far from being a perfect person.(他远不是一个完美的人。)

4. **No comparison**:这个短语用于表示两者之间没有可比性,一方明显优于另一方。

   例如:There's no comparison between her writing and mine.(她的写作水平和我根本不在一个档次。)