考点351
people/police/cattle等+复数谓语
people, police,cattle是只表示复数意义的集体名词，作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
● Many people were present at the meeting.许多人出席了会议。
考点352
... and.../both...and...+复数谓语
意为“……和……都”，表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数。
● New York and Boston are American cities.纽约和波士顿都是美国的城市。
考点353
主语+with/together with/except/but/like/as well as...+谓语
● The mother along with her two children goes to the park every weekend.那位母亲和她的两个孩子每个周末都要去公园。
考点354
class/family/group/team等+单数谓语/复数谓语
● The class is the best one in the grade.这个班是年级中最好的。
● The whole class are listening to the teacher carefully.全班同学都在认真地听老师讲课。
该类集体名词作主语，侧重整体时，谓语动词用单数；
当表示多个这样的整体时，也可以有自己的复数形式。侧重整体中的个体成员时，谓语动词用复数。
考点355
some/any/all/the rest/分数/百分数等+of+单数名词/不可数名词+单数谓语
● Some of the money was spent on clothes.一些钱花在了衣服上。
考点356
some/any/all/the rest/分数/百分数等+of+复数名词+复数谓语
● All of the people have gone.所有的人都走了。
考点357
one of+复数名词+关系代词+复数谓语
● Zhang Ning is one of the students who were praised at the meeting.张宁是会议上受表扬的学生之一。
考点358
only one of+复数名词+关系代词+单数谓语
● He is the only one of players in our school who has taken the first prize.他是我们学校唯一一位获得一等奖的选手。
考点359
...or.../either...or.../neither...nor.../not only...but (also)...+谓语动词
谓语动词的单复数形式取决于与之最靠近的名词或代词。
● No food or water is allowed to be taken with.不准带食物和水。
考点360
There be...
be动词的单复数形式取决于与之最靠近的名词或代词。
● There are four chairs and two tables in the room.房间里有四把椅子和两张桌子。
考点361
There be肯定句式：There (+助动词/情态动词)+be+主语...
be动词前可用情态动词，也可用助动词构成各种时态。
● There is a lot of meat on the plate.盘子里有很多肉。
● There will be more serious air pollution if people use more and more cars.如果人们越来越多地使用汽车，那么空气污染将会更加严重。
考点362
There be否定句式：
There+助动词/情态动词+not+be
● There isn’t a telephone in the room.房间里没有电话。
考点363
There be否定句式：
There+be+not/no+主语...
● There will not be any football match this weekend.这个周末没有任何足球比赛。
考点364
There be的一般疑问句式：Be动词+there
● —Are there any magazines on the shelf?书架上有杂志吗？
考点365
There be的一般疑问句式：助动词/情态动词+there+be(+any)+主语...?
● Has there been an accident?出过事故吗？
考点366
There be的特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问词(+名词)+be动词+there...?
● How many people are there in your family?你家有几口人？
考点367
There be的特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问词(+名词)+助动词/情态动词+there+be...?
● What did there use to be?那里过去有什么？
考点368
There+stand/lie/live等+主语...
There be句式中的be动词可用动词stand,lie, live等替换。
● There stands a temple on the top of the mountain.山顶上有一座庙。
考点369
There seems(seemed)/appears(appeared)to be+主语...
● There seems to be a lack of communication.看起来是缺乏沟通。
考点370
强调句：It is/was...that/who...
被强调部分是指人的名词时，用who或that皆可，其他情况皆用that。
● It was Jack and Mary that/who met with a funny looking man yesterday.昨天是杰克和玛丽遇见了一个样子滑稽可笑的男人。
考点371
强调句的一般疑问句式：Is/Was it...that/who...?
● Is it your brother who works in that company?是你哥哥在那家公司工作吗？
考点372
强调句的特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问词+is/was it that...?
● Why was it that he cried yesterday?他昨天究竟为什么哭？
考点373
倒装: No/Never/Hardly/Seldom/Little等+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语...
表示否定意义的词置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
● We laugh at jokes, but seldom do we think about how they work.我们听到笑话会笑，但是从来没想过笑话是怎样让我们发笑的。
考点374
倒装：So...+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语...+that...
在so... that...句式中，so...部分置于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
● So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.光速很快，我们几乎没法想象它的速度。
考点375
倒装：Only+状语+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语...
only强调状语置于句首时，句子/主句用部分倒装。
● Only if you eat the correct foods will you be able to keep fit and stay healthy.只有合理膳食才会保持身体健康。
考点376
倒装：Not until...+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语...
时间状语not until...置于句首时，句子/主句用部分倒装。
● Not until he left his home did he begin to know how important the familywas for him.直到离开家他才开始明白家庭对于他是多么重要。
考点377
倒装：Not only...+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语...but also...
not only...置于句首时，其所在的分句用部分倒装。
● Not only does he do well in his lessons, but he often helps others with their lessons.他不但自己学习好，还经常帮助别人学习。
考点378
倒装：Hardly had+主语...+when...
No sooner had+主语...+than....hardly, no sooner 置于句首时，hardly, no sooner所在的句子用部分倒装。
● Hardly had he uttered the words when she began laughing. 他刚一开口说话，她就笑了。
考点379
倒装：So/Neither +be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语
表示前面所说的情况也适合另外一者或一者也具备另外一种情况，意为“也(不)”。前面是否定句时用neither/nor，前面是肯定句时用so；动词的形式与前面的句子一致。
● Jane comes from Canada. So does Mary.简来自加拿大，玛丽也是。
考点380
倒装：up/down/away/in front of...+谓语动词+主语
● Up went the rocket.火箭升上了天。
考点381
倒装： 分词短语+be动词+主语
● Seated in the front were the guests.坐在前排的是客人。
考点382
倒装：Here/There w+谓语动词+主语
● Here comes the bus!公共汽车来了！
考点383
省略：I’d like/love/be glad/be happy to
● —Would you like to join me for a quick lunch before class?你愿意课前与我一起吃顿简单的午饭吗？
—I’d like to, but I promised Nancy to go out with her.我愿意，可是我已经答应跟南希一起出去了。
考点384
if/when/while/unless/as+分词
● The flowers his friend gave him will die unless watered every day.除非天天浇水，否则朋友送他的花就会死掉。
考点385
as...aspossible/sb.can 表示“尽可能……”。
● Please come as soon as possible you can.请尽量早来。
考点386
if necessary/possible/any/ever表示“如果有必要/可能/有/曾……”。
● —Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?对即将来临的假期你有特别的计划了吗？
—Yes, if possible, I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city.是的，如果可能的话，我将去这个城市的几处老年之家看看。
考点387
Why (not) do...？why (not)后一般跟动词原形，很少出现主语或动作的执行者，含有较强的建议意味。
● Why not go and ask the teacher for help?为什么不去找老师帮忙?
● Why not relax and enjoy the fresh air?为什么不休息一下，呼吸点新鲜空气呢?
考点388
主语+do/does/did
do替代谓语，有人称和时态的变化。
● John spoke German as fluently as Mary did when they studied in middle school.中学时，约翰的德语说得跟玛丽一样流利。
考点389
主语+do/does/did+so
该结构表示同一人所做的、前面刚提到过的同一动作，so指代刚提到过的想法、行动、品质、情况等。
● The teacher asked him to hand in his composition at once and he did so.老师让他立刻交上作文，他就这么做了。
考点390
主语+do/does/did+that/it 替代前面刚刚提到的动作，但动词do的主语与前面所提到的句子的主语不同。
● —Do you know who broke the window?你知道是谁打破的窗户吗？
—I heard John did that.我听说是约翰做的。
考点391
...that+间接引语
直接引语为陈述句时，间接引语应为that引导的宾语从句，引述动词主要有say，tell， repeat， explain， think等。
● He said to me, “I have left my book in your room.”→He told me that he had left his book in my room.他告诉我他把书落在我的房间里了。
考点392
...if/whether+间接引语
直接引语为一般疑问句或反意疑问句时，间接引语应为if/whether引导的宾语从句，且倒装语序变为陈述语序。
● “Do you like Beckham?” she said tome.→She asked me if/whether I liked Beckham.她问我是否喜欢贝克汉姆。
考点393
...whether...or+间接引语
直接引语为选择疑问句时，间接引语应为whether... or...引导的宾语从句，倒装语序变为陈述语序。
● I asked him, “Will you stay at home or go to school?”→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to school.我问他是待在家里还是去上学。
考点394
...特殊疑问词+间接引语
直接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语应为由原疑问词引导的宾语从句,倒装语序变为陈述语序。
● He asked, “Where do you live?”→He asked me where I lived.他问我住在哪里。
考点395
...ask/tell/beg等+宾语+to do
直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语应为不定式短语，如果祈使句为否定式，还要在不定式前加not。
● The teacher said to the students, “Be quiet,please.”→The teacher asked the students to be quiet.老师要求学生们保持安静。
考点396
...what/how/that+间接引语
直接引语为感叹句时，间接引语应为how, what, that等引导的宾语从句。
● She said, “What a lovely day it is!”→She said what a lovely day it was./She said that it was a lovely day.她说天气很好。
考点397
“一随主”原则 该原则是指直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语中的第一人称代词要按引述动词的主语的人称变化。
● She said, “I saw him last night.”→She said she had seen him the night before.她说她前一天晚上看见过他。
考点398
“二随宾”原则 该原则是指直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语中的第二人称代词要按引述动词的宾语的人称变化。
● He said to Kate, “How is your sister now?”→He asked Kate how her sister was then.他问凯特她妹妹那时怎么样了。
考点399
“第三人称不更新”原则 该原则是指直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语中的第三人称代词一般不需要变化。
● Mr Smith said, “Jack is a good workmate.”→Mr Smith said that Jack was a good workmate.史密斯先生说杰克是个不错的同事。
考点400
主语+did+that+主语+did/had done...
引述动词用了过去时态，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态要相应地变为过去的某种时态。
● “I never get up before 8 a.m. on Sundays,” he said.→He said that he never got up before 8 a.m. on Sundays.他说他星期天上午从未在8点之前起床。
加载中,请稍侯......
精彩评论