六、介词

37. He usually goes to school by his father’s car.

by加上名词表示一种交通方式，中间什么都不加，如by car, by bus, by plane等；如果名词前有其他的词修饰，则应除by以外的其他介词，此处把by改为in.

38. Please wait me at the school gate.

wait为不及物动词，需加介词for后才能再跟名词或代词做宾语。

39. He has been married with Betty for more than twenty years.

marry不跟 with连用，应把with改为to。

40. I finished the work on time under the help of him.

“在…的帮助下”用with而不用under。

七、情态动词

41. He can be at home now because the light in his room is still on.

表特别有把握的肯定判断时用must，表特别有把握的否定判断时用can, can表判断时只用在否定句中。因此把can 改为must。

42. He need come here before the meeting begins.

作情态动词时need用在否定，疑问和条件句中，不能用于肯定句中，而作实意动词时则可以。所以应改为：He needs to come here before the meeting begins.

43. He used to get up very early in the morning, and now he is still doing so.

used to 用来表示过去常常做某事而现在不了，所以应把后半句改为：but now he is not doing so.

44. I needn’t come yesterday because all the work had been finished.

由于情态动词本身不体现时态，所以在谈论过去的事情时在情态动词后加 have done，因此在 needn’t 后加have。

45. You hadn’t better stay up too late because you have to get up early tomorrow.

had better 的否定在 better 后面加not.

八、动词的时态

英语的常用时态有十六种，一般根据上下文和时间状语来确定时态。

46. I will tell her about that when she will come tomorrow.

主句为将来时，其时间、条件、方式和让步状语从句中用一般现在时。因此将will come改为comes。

47. The meeting is about to begin in ten minutes.

be about to 一般不与具体的时间状语连用。因此把 in ten minutes 去掉。

48. The boy opened his eyes for a moment, looking at the captain and then died.

此处look并非伴随状语，而是三个并列的谓语动词，因此把looking 改为looked。

49. I have bought this bike for ten years and I am still using it now.

当句中有for加一段时间作状语时，谓语动词必须为延续性动词，此处把bought改为kept。

50. I haven’t learnt any English before I came here.

我来这儿已经是过去的动作，在此之前发生的事应该用过去完成时。因此应把haven’t改为hadn’t

九、动词的语态

及物动词用在主动语态时要有宾语，因此可以变为被动语态；不及物动词用于主动语态时不能接宾语，因此无被动语态。

51. The two thieves have been disappeared.

disappear 为不及物动词，因此不能用于被动语态。所以把 been去掉。

52. The building built now will be our teaching building.

表“现在正在建的”应用被动语态的正在进行时，因此在built 前加being。

53. He is being operated by the famous doctor.

主动语态变为被动语态时，应注意短语动词的完整性，别忘了介词或副词。“给…做手术”应为operate on sb，所以在operated 后加上on。

54. I wonder if the doctor has been sent.

原因同上，应在sent 后加上for。

55. The book written by him is sold well.

说一本书畅销是指书本身的属性，因此不用被动语态。本句应改为：The book written by him sells well.

56. This history book is worthy reading.

“值得被做”可以有如下几种说法：be worth doing; be worthy of being done; be worthy to be done. 因此本句应该为：This history book is worthy to be read.

十、非谓语动词

57. We are going to talk about the problem discussing at the last meeting.

此处为分词作定语，问题应该被讨论，所以把discussing改为discussed。

58. The girl dressed herself in red is my sister.

dress为及物动词，意为“给…穿衣服”，此处为分词作定语修饰girl, girl应是它的逻辑宾语，因此把herself去掉。

59. Being seriously ill, his class-mates sent him to hospital.

分词作状语时，其逻辑主语为这句话的主语，此句应为“因为他病了，他的同学才把他送到医院去”，因此把前半句改为：He being seriously ill.

60. Having not seen her for many years, we could hardly recognize her.

现在分词的否定应把not放在现在分词前面，所以前半句应改为：Not having seen her for many years.

61. Seeing from the space, the earth looks like a ball.

分词作状语，其逻辑主语应是这句话的主语，此句中地球应该被看，所以把Seeing 改为Seen。

62. English is easy to learn it.

此句中是不定式作状语修饰easy, English应该是learn的逻辑宾语，所以把it去掉。

63. I will get somebody repair the recorder for you.

“让某人做某事”可以有以下几种表达法：make sb do sth; have sb do sth; get sb to sth. 因此在repair 前加to。

64. She decided to work harder in order to not fall behind the others.

不定式的否定把not放在to前面。因此应改为：She decided to work harder in order not to fall behind the others.

65. It’s better to laugh than crying.

表比较时比较的双方应为同种结构，或都是名词或都是不定式。因此有两种改法：It’s better to laugh than to cry 或 It’s better laughing than crying.

66. It’s no use to send for the doctor.

做某事是没用的要说成It’s no use doing,所以把to send 改为sending。

67. She practices to play the piano after school every day.

practise 后只跟动名词作宾语，因此把to play 改为playing。

68. When the teacher came in, he stopped listening to the teacher.

stop doing 为停止做这件事，而stop to do 为停下来正在做的事去做这件事。所以后半句应该为：he stopped to listen to the teacher.

十一、名词性从句

69. We are talking about if this plan should be carried out.

If 和whether都可以引导动词的宾语从句，如果从句做的是介词宾语，只能用whether引导。所以把if 改为whether。

70. I can not decide if to stay or not.

只有whether才能和不定式搭配使用。因此把if 改为whether。

71. My suggestion is we try for a second time.

表语从句的引导词如为that，一般不省略。因此在we前加上that。

72. What will the professor say is not known yet.

名词性从句的语序都是陈述句语序。因此应改为：What the professor will say is not known yet.

十二、状语从句

73. I will go unless he invites me.

此句意为“除非他邀请我，否则我不去。”而unless相当于if not, 所以本句应改成：I won’t go unless he invites me。

74. Although he tried, but he still couldn’t keep up with the others.

although 和but 不能同时用在一句话中，去掉任何一个都可以。

75. I won’t stay until he comes back.

含有not…until的句子的谓语动词应是点动词，含有until的肯定句的动词应是延续性动词，此句有两种改法：I will stay until he comes back.或I won’t leave until he comes back.

十三、定语从句

76. An orphan is a child who’s parents are dead.

定语从句中表“…的”引导词只有whose，所以把who’s 改为whose。

77. This is the very thing which I lost yesterday.

如果先行词为物且前有the only, the last, the very修饰时，定语从句的引导词只能用that。

78. This is the car for that I paid a high price.

定语从句的先行词为物，而且引导词放在介词后时，只能用which.

79. She is one of the students who has passed the exam.

定语从句修饰one of 加上复数名词时，复数名词是定语从句的先行词，因此把 has 改为have。

80. This is the place where we visited last year.

定语从句的先行词用关系代词还是关系副词要看定语从句中缺不缺主语或宾语，如缺用关系代词，如不缺用关系副词。此句中visit为及物动词，后无宾语，因此把where 改为which或that。

81. I, who is your friend, can understand you.

定语从句的谓语动词应与其先行词保持一致，因此把is 改为am。

82. China is a developing country, that is known to all.

非限定性定语从句的引导词永远不会是that，因此把that 改为which 或as。