被动语态

英语动词有主动和被动两种语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,又叫施动者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,又叫受动者。区分主动语态和被动语态,主要看主语是执行者还是承受者。如:

The flowers and grass should be watered .(____语态)

We should water the flowers and grass .(____语态)

◆一 构成

1.被动语态是由“助动词be +过去分词”构成的,助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。Tom broke the cup .(主动语态) → The cup was broken by Tom .(被动语态)

2.被动语态有以下8种:

一般现在时:be(am / is are) +过去分词 Trees are planted in spring .

一般过去时:be(was / were) +过去分词 The house was built last year .

现在进行时:be(am / is are) + being +过去分词 The car is being repaired .

过去进行时:be(was / were) + being +过去分词

现在完成时:have / has + been +过去分词 The light has been turned off .

过去完成时:had + been +过去分词

一般将来时:will be +过去分词 Lei Feng will be remembered by us forever .

含情态动词的:情态动词+ be +过去分词 My homework can be finished in two hours .

3.被动语态常用于以下场合:

①不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁时。如:My bike was stolen yesterday .我的自行车昨天被偷了。

②强调动作的执行者时,使用“by +动作的执行者”。如:The pen was used by my father .这支钢笔是我父亲用过的。

 只有及物动词才有被动形式,不及物动词如rise / come / go / take / place / happen等,没有被动形式。

◆二 主动语态变被动语态的步骤

通常遵循以下三个步骤:

中考英语被动语态语法专项复习

中考英语被动语态语法专项复习

中考英语被动语态语法专项复习