北京市丰台区2021届高三英语上学期期末考试试卷（word版附解析）（文件编号：21021925）

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简介：

丰台区2020～2021学年度第一学期期末练习

高三英语笔试

考生须知 1. 答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。

2. 本次考试所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。

3. 请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试卷、草稿纸上答题无效。

4. 本试卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Helping Paws

Craig Cook has a very special service partner—a twenty-five-year-old female capuchin monkey named Minnie. In 2012, when he was thirty years old, Craig was in a car ___1___ that left him a quadriplegic, someone whose arms and legs don’t work properly. For several years, Craig needed help from other people for such basic needs ___2___ getting a drink of water. Then Minnie came to Craig through the Helping Hands Organization.

Minnie was born at Southwick’s Zoo in New York. As part of the special Helping Hands program, while she was a baby, she was given to a foster (寄养) family ___3___ cared for her and helped her learn to live with people. She learned basic ___4___ such as turning off lights and fetching on command.

Next, Minnie ___5___ the Helping Hands Monkey College for two years. At the college, she learned tasks that would help a(n) ___6___ person. These included taking food out of a refrigerator, turning pages in a book one at a time, and picking up objects that had been dropped. It is a long ___7___ process, but capuchin monkeys can live to be forty-five years old. So they can be ___8___ to provide service for many years.

Craig said, “Living with Minnie is like living with a good friend. And since she’s been with me, Minnie’s learned ___9___ more neat things to do, like making popcorn in the microwave (微波炉). Thanks to Minnie, I can live ____10____ with caregivers only coming in for a short time each day. And, when I go out, instead of being seen as the guy in the wheelchair, I’m now the guy with the monkey.”

1. A. accident B. park C. sale D. race

2. A. up B. as C. for D. to

3. A. when B. why C. who D. what

4. A. ideas B. skills C. principles D. rights

5. A. returned B. visited C. supported D. attended

6. A. elderly B. poor C. disabled D. lonely

7. A. decision-making B. training C. planning D. risk-taking

8. A. based on B. turned on C. fed on D. counted on

9. A. even B. once C. just D. yet

10. A. happily B. energetically C. independently D. safely

【答案】1. A    2. B    3. C    4. B    5. D    6. C    7. B    8. D    9. A    10. C

【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，25岁雌性卷尾猴Minnie通过相关的训练成为了为残疾人服务的好帮手，帮助Craig Cook生活。

【1题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：2012年，30岁的Craig遭遇车祸，导致四肢瘫痪，胳膊和腿都不能正常工作。A. accident事故；B. park公园；C. sale销售；D. race赛跑。由本处的“Craig was in a car ___1___ that left him a quadriplegic, someone whose arms and legs don’t work properly”可知，Craig肯定是遭遇了车祸（car accident），才会四肢瘫痪、残疾了。故选A项。

【2题详解】

考查介词词义辨析。句意：几年来，Craig需要别人的帮助来满足诸如喝水之类的基本需求。A. up上面；B. as像……一样；C. for为了；D. to向、朝。由上文的“basic needs”和下文的“getting a drink of water”可知，喝水是人类的一种基本需求，所以此处表举例，such…as…（例如……）。故选B项。

【3题详解】

考查连词词义辨析。句意：作为“特别援助之手”计划的一部分，当她还是个婴儿时，她被送到了一个寄养家庭，他们照顾她，帮助她学会与人相处。此处是定语从句，先行词是a foster (寄养) family，指人，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。故选C项。

【4题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：她学会了关灯、随叫随到等基本技能。A. ideas想法；B. skills技巧；C. principles原则；D. rights权力。由上文语境和下文的“turning off lights and fetching on command”可知，Minnie是一只25岁雌性卷尾猴，也是“特别援助之手”计划的一部分，目的是为了帮助人类，而关灯、随叫随到并不是Minnie本身就会的东西，是需要通过学习才能获得的基本技能。故选B项。

【5题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来，Minnie在“帮手猴子学院”上了两年学。A. returned回去；B. visited拜访；C. supported支持；D. attended参加、上学。由下文的“the Helping Hands Monkey College”和“At the college”可知，Minnie去“帮手猴子学院”是上学的。故选D项。

【6题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在大学里，她学会了帮助残疾人的任务。A. elderly上了年纪的；B. poor贫穷的；C. disabled残疾的；D. lonely孤独的。由上文的“Then Minnie came to Craig through the Helping Hands Organization.”和下文语境可知，Minnie通过“援助之手组织”来找Craig帮助他生活，而Craig是一位残疾人，说明Minnie在学校里学的是为了帮助残疾人的任务。故选C项。

【7题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个漫长的训练过程，但卷尾猴可以活到45岁。A. decision-making决策；B. training训练；C. planning计划制订；D. risk-taking冒险。由上文的“Minnie ___5___ the Helping Hands Monkey College for two years”和“At the college, she learned tasks that would help a(n) ___6___ person.”可知，Minnie花了两年时间在学校里学帮助残疾人的任务/技能，这是一种训练。故选B项。

【8题详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此，他们可以指望提供多年的服务。A. based on基于；B. turned on打开；C. fed on以……为食；D. counted on指望。由上文的“capuchin monkeys can live to be forty-five years old”可知，卷尾猴可以活到45岁，寿命很长，不会那么快死去，所以可以指望它们提供多年的服务。故选D项。

【9题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：自从和我在一起以后，Minnie甚至学会了更有条理的事情，比如用微波炉做爆米花。A. even甚至；B. once曾经C. just正好；D. yet还。由上文的“turning off lights and fetching on command”，“taking food out of a refrigerator, turning pages in a book one at a time, and picking up objects that had been dropped”和下文的“making popcorn in the microwave”可知，Minnie还未到Craig身边前，只会关灯、随叫随到、从冰箱里拿出食物、翻书及捡起掉下来的东西等这些基本技能，而到Craig身边后，Minnie学会了如用微波炉做爆米花此类更有条理的事情，技能从以前的不会/少到会/多，这是一种递进关系，强调Minnie的又一技能。故选A项。

【10题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：多亏了Minnie，我可以独立生活，护理人员每天只来很短时间。A. happily快乐地；B. energetically积极地；C. independently独立地；D. safely安全地。由下文的“with caregivers only coming in for a short time each day”可知，护理人员每天只来很短时间，说明作者不需要护理人员的过多照顾，可以独立生活了。故选C项。

第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

A

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

The British must have really high standards. I was part of a student exchange programme between a university in England and my university in China. I had spent days in ___11___ (prepare) for my first English paper. I knew I did a good job and was looking forward ___12___ getting a positive comment. When I got the paper back, I found that my teacher ___13___ (write) the comment “Not bad!” Not bad? But there weren’t any ___14___ (mistake) in my paper.

【答案】11. preparing    

12. to    13. had written    

14. mistakes

【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。文章通过自己在英国一所大学的学习经历讲述了英国人有很高的标准。

【11题详解】

考查动名词。句意：我花了几天时间准备我的第一篇英语论文。固定搭配spend…(in) doing sth.（花……干某事），用动名词（doing）形式作宾语。故填preparing。

【12题详解】

考查介词。句意：我知道我做得很好，并期待着得到积极的评价。固定搭配look forward to doing sth.（期待干某事），用介词to。故填to。

【13题详解】

考查时态。句意：当我把试卷拿回来时，我发现我的老师写了一句话：“不错”。此处为宾语从句谓语，主句谓语found是一般过去时，从句谓语动词write发生在主句谓语found之前，即“过去的过去”，时态用过去完成时（had done）。故填had written。

【14题详解】

考查名词的数。句意：但我的论文没有任何错误。mistake是可数名词，此处作句子主语，由were可知用其复数形式。故填mistakes。

B

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

The college entrance examination is just around the corner. Homework and tests will keep many of you up late at night, and you may plan to make up for your lost sleep during the weekends. ___15___ is it useful? A study published in the journal Current Biology completely has changed ___16___ people used to think. It shows that the habit of sleeping in on weekends doesn’t fix the damage done by a lack of sleep during the week. Even ___17___ (bad), it may damage your health.

【答案】15. But/ Yet    

16. what    17. worse

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章一项研究表明，周末睡懒觉的习惯并不能弥补一周睡眠不足造成的损害。

【15题详解】

考查连词。句意：但它有用吗？上文讲“学生考前熬夜，会计划在周末弥补之前睡眠不足”，此处表示质疑，表转折，用but/yet（但是/然而），首字母大写。故填But/ Yet。

【16题详解】

考查宾语从句引导词。句意：发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的一项研究彻底改变了人们过去