1. 强调结构的陈述式

  强调结构的陈述式为“It is (was) + 被强调部分 + that (who)…”。该结构可用于强调主语、宾语、状语等,但不能强调谓语动词。该句式中用that或who的区别是:当被强调的指人时,用that或who均可;当被强调的不是指人时,则只能用that(注意不用which)。如:It was in the office that he was killed. 他是办公室被杀害的。(强调in the office)

  It is the children who broke the window. 是孩子们打破窗户的。(强调the children)

  It was to you and not anyone else that I lent the money. 我只借钱给你,不借给其他人。(强调to you and not anyone)

  It is only when you have your own children that you realize the troubles of parenthood. 当你有了自己的孩子,才能真切地了解到双亲的辛苦。(强调only when you have your own children)

  2. 一般疑问句的强调结构

  一般疑问句的强调结构就是将be提到句首,即使用“Is / Was it+ 被强调部分 + that / who…”。如:Is it Tommy who answered the telephone? 是汤米接的电话吗? Is it from advertising that a newspaper earns a lot of its profits? 报纸获利最多的部分是在于广告收入吗?

  3. 特殊疑问句的强调结构

  特殊疑问句的强调结构句型为“疑问词(Who / What / When / Where / Why / How)+is / was it that…”这样的形式。如:When was it that he got married? 他是什么时候结婚的? How long ago is it that you last saw her? 你上一次看见她是多久以前的事? Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982? 谁赢得了1982年的世界杯? Why is it that I always land up cleaning the bath? 为什么总是该我来洗刷浴缸? In which play of Shakespeare's is it that Viola appears? 维欧拉是在莎士比亚那个剧里出现的吗?

初中英语强调结构的陈述式与疑问式,以及实例讲解语法注意项

结构分析

  强调结构中的it is (was)…that (who)…为使一个非强调句变成强调句的结构词,在通常情况下,去掉它,句子依然是成立的——这是判断一个句子是否为强调结构的重要标志。如下面这个句子是强调句,因为去掉it was…that…后句子依然成立,且意思一致:It was my mother who finally called the police. 最终报警的是我母亲。

  →My mother finally called the police. 最终报警的是我母亲。

  请看下面一句,空白处是填that还是其他的什么词?

  It was ten o'clock _______ he returned home.此处不能填that,因为若填that把它视为强调句,那么就可以去掉it was…that…而使句子结构完整,意思不变,事实上并非如此,因为我们是不能说Ten o'clock he returned home的,除非改为At ten o'clock he returned home才是正确的。比较下面两句(第1句不是强调句,但第2句是强调句):It was ten o'clock when he returned home. 他回家的时候已是10点钟了。

  It was at ten o'clock that he returned home. 他是10点钟回家的。

  时态一致问题

  一般说来,强调结构it be…that…中的be的时态应与句子时态一致,即同时用现在时,或同时用过去时,有时也可能用将来时。如:It is not I who am angry. 发怒的不是我。(同时用现在时)

  It was my two sisters who knew her best. 是我的两个姐妹最了解她。(同时用过去时)

  It will not be you who will have to take the blame for this. 对此须受责难的将不是你。(同时用将来时)

  但有时也可以不一致,这主要见于强调结构用it is…that…(即用的是现在时),而句子用的是过去时。如:It is Miss Williams who enjoyed reading novels as a pastime. 是威廉姆斯小姐以读小说来消遣。